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From Fritz Müller   12 September 1875

Summary

Has read CD’s book on Drosera [Insectivorous plants] and found that it presents new material and is very interesting.

Has discovered that the parasites he thought he had found in Melipona nests are in fact true females. It is remarkable that they differ so greatly from the sterile females and males of their species.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Sept 1875
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 318; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (PrP 08-0011)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10155A

From Fritz Müller   25 December 1875

Summary

"Sambaquis", or shell mounds accumulated by former inhabitants of the coast, contain shells of some animals that FM has never seen living.

Ants that live on imbauba trees (Cecropia) are attracted by small bodies at base of each petiole.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Dec 1875
Classmark:  Nature, 17 February 1876, pp. 304–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10324

To Fritz Müller   [9 February 1876]

Summary

Has sent FM’s letter on to Nature ["Brazil kitchen middens, habits of ants, etc.", Nature 13 (1876): 304–5].

Would be grateful for Ceropegia seeds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  [9 Feb 1876]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 38) (EH 88205868)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10384

To Fritz Müller   [18 February 1876]

Summary

Has received seeds of Cecropia peltata from Kew.

Has asked Hermann Müller to send copy of FM’s paper as soon as published.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  [18 Feb 1876]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 39) (EH 88205869)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10400

To Fritz Müller   11 December 1876

Summary

FM’s new position in Rio.

CD interested in nature of surface deposits at Rio.

Sends a copy of Cross and self-fertilisation.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  11 Dec 1876
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 40) (EH 88205870)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10709

From Fritz Müller   25 March 1877

Summary

Thanks CD for new [2d] edition of Orchids.

Mentions some observations on dimorphic plants.

Reports on a third species of Pontederia [see Forms of flowers, p. 185].

Describes some unusual grasses.

Reports rumours from southern Brazil concerning the existence of a gigantic subterranean animal.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Mar 1877
Classmark:  DAR 111: A89–90
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10911

To Fritz Müller   9 May 1877

Summary

Is printing a book on dimorphic plants [Forms of flowers] in which he will make considerable use of FM’s work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  9 May 1877
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 41)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10954

To Fritz Müller   14 May 1877

Summary

Requests observations on sensitive Mimosa and movements of plants in rain.

Worm-castings.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  14 May 1877
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 42)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10960

From Fritz Müller   19 October 1877

Summary

Doubts that glands of calyx of cleistogamic Malpighiaceae serve as protection.

Some species of Solanum bear long- and short-styled flowers on same plant.

Changing colours of some flowers may show insects the proper moment for fertilisation.

Doubts that the style of Pontederia cordata changes length.

Sexual difference in wings of some butterflies due to development in male of scales that emit odours to excite female.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Oct 1877
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 363–4; Nature, 29 November 1877, pp. 78–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11191

To Fritz Müller   13 November 1877

Summary

Asks for Cassia seed for experiments.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  13 Nov 1877
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 43)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11233

From Fritz Müller   [27 November 1877]

Summary

Sends proboscis of a Sphinx-moth that is 22 cms long.

Discusses eleven species of butterfly which visit Lantana, a plant which blooms only for three days and whose flowers are yellow on the first day, orange on the second, and purple on the third. Most species only visit the flowers when they are yellow.

Describes and draws the odiferous organs of a Sphinx-moth.

Describes a secondary sexual character of several species of Callidryas and other Pierinæ: the costal margin of the anterior wing is sharply serrated in the males, while it is smooth in the females.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [27 Nov 1877]
Classmark:  Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (1878): (Proceedings) ii–iii
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11255F

To Fritz Müller   12 January 1878

Summary

CD and son [Francis] working on spontaneous movements of plants and heliotropism.

Has given [Raphael Meldola] permission to read extracts of FM’s last letter [not found], on odours emitted by moths, before Entomological Society [Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. (1878): ii–iii].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  12 Jan 1878
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 44)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11319

From Fritz Müller   20 February 1878

Summary

Reports butterfly species that apparently mimic each other and gives details of some odoriferous species.

[Letter copied in Raphael Meldola’s hand from original sent to Meldola with 11449.]

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Feb 1878
Classmark:  Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11368

From Fritz Müller   31 May 1881

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 May 1881
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 410–11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11385A

To Fritz Müller   27 March 1878

Summary

Thanks FM for letter of 22 Feb [not found] on Lepidoptera. Will send it to Entomological Society to be read. FM’s earlier letters produced best discussions of the season.

Thanks for seeds of Viola.

He and Francis [Darwin] are at work on biology of seedling plants and wish to observe how the flowers penetrate the earth.

The Pontederia did not germinate, probably pressed too much [in post].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  27 Mar 1878
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 45)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11448

From Fritz Müller   5 April 1878

Summary

Observations on a sensitive Mimosa.

Comments on structure and positioning of "odoriferous organs" of moths and butterflies,

and feeding habits of butterfly larvae.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Apr 1878
Classmark:  Oxford University Museum of Natural History (Hope Entomological Collections 1350: Hope/Westwood Archive, Darwin folder)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11463

To Fritz Müller   16 May 1878

Summary

Has forwarded FM’s letter to Raphael Meldola.

Thanks for information on Mimosa.

Would like to know how Cassia behaves in the rain.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  16 May 1878
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 46)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11512

From Fritz Müller   21 July 1878

Summary

Is sending CD the seeds of a beautiful Cassia given to him by a friend. He sketched the unripe fruit a few months ago. This plant is rare in the area around Sta Catharina. He has found their largest and most beautiful butterfly Callidryas manippe near this tree and its caterpillars living on its leaves. Comments on how remarkable it is to find a species limited to living on a single tree in so large an area.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 July 1878
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 382
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11623A

To Fritz Müller   24 July 1878

Summary

Thanks for seeds

and information about earthworms.

Is working hard at movement in plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  24 July 1878
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 47)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11626

From Fritz Müller   21 January 1879

Summary

Has lately found frog that has eggs on its back.

Pupae of caddis-flies living on rocks have lost fringe of hairs on their feet. In species that live in the water these are used for swimming.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Jan 1879
Classmark:  Nature, 20 March 1879, pp. 463–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11839
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